World’s largest coral spawning event begins amid Great Barrier Reef crisis

The Great Barrier Reef’s annual coral spawning has started, marking the world’s largest event of its kind.

Coral spawning happens once a year, typically two to six days after a November full moon when water temperatures exceed 27°C.

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Corals release eggs and sperm into the water, where fertilisation occurs.

This year’s event comes as northern sections of the Reef face severe coral loss.

According to the data provided by the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS), 12 of 19 reefs between Lizard Island and Cardwell have suffered significant damage.

Some areas have lost up to 75 per cent of their coral cover. Scientists link the decline to heat stress, pollution, and cyclones. Fast-growing Acropora coral, vital for recovery, has been hit hardest.

AIMS scientist Dr Mike Emslie said: “This fast-growing coral is key to the Reef’s recovery but is also very vulnerable.”

The 2024 mass bleaching forms part of a global crisis affecting reefs in over 60 countries.

While coral spawning offers hope, scientists stress urgent action is needed to combat climate change and protect the Reef.

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